engleski

Samples property identification and study methodology of samples analysis

The thesis presents several investigations techniques related to the examination of sample’s chemical composition and thermal decomposition behavior. Investigated sample was waste rigid polyurethane foam (WRPUF) which was used as an insulation material in a refrigerator. The aim of the thesis was to investigate yield of organic compounds and gaseous products from the selected sample and determine whether it can be used for waste-to- energy application. Sample was conducted to several investigations: XRF spectroscopy, particle sizing and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py/GC-MS). Sample was obtained in grinded powder with non-homogenous structure. Sample preparation consists of fractionations and homogenization procedure. Analysis was carried out on three pyrolysis temperatures 500, 600 and 700 ºC. Investigation was performed on non-homogenous mixture, fraction with particle size below 0.25 mm, fraction with particle size above 0.25 mm and homogenized mixture with particles below and above 0.25 mm. Additional analyses was carried out for eight different fractions to determine grain size effect on yield of decomposition products. Obtained results show that homogenization of sample had a huge impact on the yield and composition of organic compounds. Dominant group in every investigation remained compounds containing nitrogen (amines and amides), while considerable share of aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, alkanes and alkanoates were detected as well. Around 18 different groups and more than 200 organic compounds were detected, with different share and presence in examined mixtures. During the analysis, special attention was given to the compounds which may be hazardous or harmful to human health. Compounds which are classified as dangerous and were detected during analysis are compounds containing chlorine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), furans, phthalates, benzene based compounds, etc. Analysis of evolved gaseous products showed that dominant emissions in every investigation were carbon dioxide and nitrogen emissions (CO2, -NOX). Significant emission share was detected for ammonia (NH3) and trichlorofluoromethane (CFC- 11). Several others, mostly harmless, gaseous products were detected as well. Additionally, results were compared to similar previous investigations and regulatory framework for refuse derived-fuel (RDF). Finally, adequate conclusion according to study objective was carried out together with perspective for further investigations.

WRPUF ; pyrolysis ; gas chromatography ; mass spectrometry ; RDF ; XRF-spectroscopy ; energy recovery

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