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Preparation of NafionTM/polyaniline/Ru-oxide composite as material for electrochemical supercapacitors

Hydrous Ru-oxide, as well as electrochemically formed polyaniline (PANI) have already been found as electroactive materials of primary interest for application in electrochemical supercapacitors, [1]. Both materials exhibit high specific capacitance by storing high quantity of charge through almost reversible redox capacitive mechanism. Because of high demand on electroactive materials with extremely high specific capacitances, an attempt is made to prepare and characterize PANI/hydrous Ru-oxide composite films and to evaluate their performances for the application in electrochemical supercapacitors. Here, two different chemical/electrochemical multi-step procedures for preparation of composites at glassy carbon (GC)/NafionTM substrates are reported. NafionTM was introduced as a template for PANI growth and for improving mechanical properties of the composites. In the first procedure, NafionTM layer was casted onto GC electrode, PANI was formed potentiodynamically within NafionTM matrix from aniline/H2SO4 solution, Ru was electrodeposited onto PANI from RuCl3/HCl solution by the potential square wave method and finally, deposited Ru was electrochemically oxidised in H2SO4 solution to hydrous Ru-oxide. In the second procedure, suspension of NafionTM and Ru-oxide was casted onto GC electrode and PANI films were formed potentiodynamically within the pores of NafionTM/Ru-oxide from aniline/H2SO4 solution. PANI/Ru-oxide composites prepared by described procedures were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. Both composites exhibited increased capacitances in comparison with capacitances of particular components (PANI and hydrous Ru-oxide). Also, composite formed by first procedure exhibited wider potential region of a pseudocapacitive response than composite formed by second procedure. References: [1]. B. E. Conway, Electrochemical Supercapacitors. Scientific Fundamentals and Technological Applications, Kluwer Acad./Plenum Publ., New York. 1999.

Ruthenium oxide ; Polyaniline ; Nafion ; Specific capacitance

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