engleski

CO2 reduction methods from vehicles

Various measurements and scientific researches indicate a significant increase of carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere (30-40%) since the beginning of industrial revolution which represent one of the biggest ecological and environmental problems of modern society. Scientists round the world warn that concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has reached a record level, i.e. the highest concentration of CO2 in the last 650 thousand years. The level of CO2 is increasing faster than scientists predicted even a matter of opinion that the Earth has lost even the ability to absorb vast amounts of carbon. The effect of greenhouse and global warming of earth are terms often mentioned today in the world. A number of natural disasters, large temperature differences, health problems, are just some of the consequences of global warming which is one of the causes of rising concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. In the last twenty years is indicated a large increase consumption of fuels per year, which causes increased emission of carbon dioxide. Annual fuel consumption is growing for several reasons: increasing freight traffic flows in all segments, increasing global industrial production, higher traffic density in urban areas, the use of fuel for household and similar. For example, only the combustion of motor vehicles, each year the Earth's atmosphere drop to $ 8 billion in carbon dioxide. In order to achieve lower carbon dioxide emissions caused by higher fuel consumption, is to research in the areas of automotive and transportation infrastructure to reach satisfactory solutions. Consequently, the use of alternative fuels and eco-technical innovation are the main concept of the environmental policy of the European Union to limit CO2 emissions. One of the strategy elements of environmental protection is to promote increase of dizel fuel vehicles, which comparatively with gasoline motor vehicle has a smaller specific fuel consumption. Use of bio-fuels in transport vehicles propulsion systems will have important part in reducing of CO2 emission in transformation period, while hydrogen (H2) will be used as a future fuel. Over past ten years a large influence has been made in progress of developing fuel cells, which is very important for CO2 emission reduction. In the debates on the quality of motor fuels due to CO2 emissions need to refer to the direct application of hydrogen combined with fuel cell propulsion system to transport vehicles, with the ultimate goal that in due course replace the internal combustion engine. Alternative fuels use in combination with hybrid technology vehicles propulsion system could serve as a bridge to go to the application of fuel cells.

CO2; combustion; reduction; alternative fuels

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