The main goal of all robust watermarking techniques is to embed a watermark designed to survive intentional or unintentional attacks on a cover work. Therefore, a watermark embedded in cover work has to be designed to resist to general and specific usage of cover work. Depending on the application an assumed attack can be as simple as geometric transformation or as complex as print- scan process. This wide spectrum of possible attacks has led the researchers into developing different strategies, and robust watermarking techniques. This lecture will give an overview of the main watermarking approaches which have watermarks that are robust to wide range of possible attacks, as well as those that are robust to a specific attack. In addition, lecture will give insight in some of the promising novel robust watermarking techniques that were recently published. |