engleski

Environmental mycobacteria cause mycobacteriosis in domestic animals and nonspecific tuberculin reaction in catle

In each ecosystem in natural biotopes living beings coexist and possibility that environment mycobacteria cause mycobacteriosis in humanand domestic animals must be accepted. Due to the small number of tubercular cattle in Croatia (0,o13%) and Slovenia, frenquen problems in judging tuberculin reactions are cause by nonspecific reactions to tuberculin. Such reactions are most often cause bycontact of cattle, other animals and human with mycobacteria existing in theirenvironment (soil, water, dust, litter, food) and in the cows also M: paratuberculosis can cause such reactions too. On a country farm with 10 cows, 17 swine and 42 hens positive reactions to avian tuberculin were established in 17 swine and 28 hensand nonspecific in 8 cattle. The source of the infection was meize permanently contaminated with faeces of tubercular hens with which swine and cattle were fed. From the organs of hens and swine in which generalized changes wereestablished and from environment (soil, hay, maize) M. avium serovar 2 was isolated sa well as M. fortuitum and M. chelonae. M. intracellulare serovar 8 was the cause of lymphadenitis in one boy. On the husbandry where the boy lived positive reaction to avian tuberculin were evidenced in hens, cows and swine. By bacteriological analysis from the neck lymph node of the boy and swine M. intracellulare serovar 8 was established while no changes were found in hens. On a farm with 460 heifers positive, suspected or nonspecific reactions to tuberculin were demostrated in 49 (10.7%) heifers. Diagnostic slaughtering of five heifers positive to bovine tuberculin was carried out. Carryng out the DNA test (ACCUPROBE) on the organs of those heifers M. avium complex and M. gordonae were evidenced. All the time the heifers were kept on deep litter with sawdust and hay. A kind of microorganism having a positive reaction by PCR method (FR300 - M. intracellulare) and negative PCR (IS901) - M. paratuberculosis) was isolated from the sawdust. In 11.33% of dairy cows nonspecific reactions to tuberculin were established. The infection of cattle with M. paratuberculosis was the main cause of nonspecific senzibilizations in cattle. By serological analisis (ELISA and gamma - IFA test) and DNA probe test of cow dung positive reactions to M. paratuberculosis were established in 9.85%. On the basis of our investigation it can be concluded that potentially pathogen mycobacteria primarily M. avium and M. intracellulare being rather frequent in the environment cause mycobacteriosis in domestic animals and humans and that they are most often the cause of nonspecific senzibilization in catle.

Environmental; mycobacteria; tuberculin reactions; catlle

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