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Forest of silver fir and hop hornbeam (Ostryo-Abietetum /Fukarek 1963/ Trinajstić 1983) in Croatia with special reference to the hinterland of Vinodol

In Croatia, the forest community Ostryo-Abietetum (Fukarek 1963) Trinajstić 1983 was found on Mt. Biokovo (1-3) and on Kapela (4-6). Only five relevés have been published in scientific literature. Since the floral composition has not been analyzed and compared in more detail, the studied phytocoenosis is insufficiently known. Phytocoenological research was conducted following the classical principles of the Braun-Blanquet School (7). Forests of fir with hop hornbeam were presented on the basis of ten relevés from the Vinodol area and comparasion with five from Biokovo. Plant nomenclature was adjusted according to Ehrendorfer (8), while plant-sociological affiliation and biological form of the species were based on the work generally used for this purpose. Phytocoenological research into the stands of the community Ostryo-Abietetum in Vinodol showed syntaxonomic affiliation in the sense of Marinček et al. (9) in accordance with international syntaxonomic rules (10). A total of 84 species were registered in ten phytocoenological relevés. On average, there were 41 species per relevé. Abies alba prevails in the dominant layer, Ostrya carpinifolia in the intermediate layer and thermophilic species of the order Quercetalia pubescentis in the shrub layer. The layer of herbaceous vegetation is dominated by the species of the order Fagetalia and the alliance Aremonio-Fagion and by the thermophilic species Sesleria autumnalis. The forest phytocoenosis of silver fir (Abies alba) with hop hornbeam (Ostrya carpinifolia) occurs over approximately 250 ha in the study area. Compared to phytocoenological relevés of this community from Biokovo, 54 new species have been registered. Those of mesophilic character and beech forests prevail, which completes the knowledge of the phytocoenosis Ostryo-Abietetum. In relation to the stands on Biokovo, 46 species of predominantly thermophilic character do not appear, including Lonicera alpigena and Pulmonaria visianii, which were initially classified as characteristic species of the association. The species Hepatica nobilis, with frequent presence of sessile oak (Quercus petraea) in the tree layer, occurs abundantly in Vinodol stands. Stands of the community Ostryo-Abietetum are mainly protective coppices with a permanently open canopy and density of about 50%.

Ostryo-Abietetum; Vinodol hinterland; floral composition; ecological conditions

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