engleski

Pomotechnical treatments in the broadleave clonal seed orchards

For several decades management of most economically important forest tree species has faced problems of natural regeneration, repair planting on partially naturally regenerated areas and afforestation of open sites. Over these decades, the periodicity of seed crops has not been regular, which has limited natural regeneration and artificial planting. In order to increase genetic quality and reduce seed crop irregularity, it was decided to establish clonal seed orchards. Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and narrow leaf ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl) are two of the most important and the most valuable forest tree species. Three clonal seed orchards of pedunculate oak were established between 1996 and 2001 in three seed regions (total area from 15 to 26 ha). The grafts were formed by the oval spindle training system and with spacing 10 × 8 m. The clonal seed orchard of narrow leaf ash was established in 2005 in the area of 3.5 ha. The grafts were planted with 4 × 4 m spacing and formed by the spindle pyramid training system. The clonal seed orchard of wild cherry was established in 2001 in the area of 2 ha and it contains 27 clones. Grafts were planted with 6 × 3 m spacing and formed by the spindle bush training system. The orchard is further supplemented by new grafts. In one of the earlier experimental clonal seed orchards of pedunculate oak root cutting was used to produce higher yield. All clonal seed orchards have been regularly maintained by pruning and other agrotechnical treatments.

clonal seed orchards; Quercus robur; Fraxinus angustifolia; Prunus avium; pomotechical treatments

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