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Feeding fish oil and linseed oil to laying hens to increase the n-3 PUFA of egg yolk

The research was carried out to assess the possibility of egg yolk enrichment with n-3 PUFA through supplementation of fish oil (FO) and linseed oil (LO) to layer diet. A total of 84 ISA Brown laying hens were divided into three groups. Each group consisted of seven cages with four hens per cage. Groups received feed mixtures differing in combinations of oils. Mixture fed to the E1 group contained 1.50% LO and 3.5% FO, the E2 group had diets with 2.5% LO and 2.5% FO, and the E3 group was fed diets with 3.5% LO and 1.5% FO. Contents of fatty acids in oils, diets and egg yolks were analyzed. Egg yolk content of alpha-linolenic acid (alpha-LNA) and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) in total fatty acids was increased (P < 0.001) due to increased content of linseed oil in hen diet and it was the most favorable in the E3 group. In groups E1, E2 and E3, the alpha-LNA content was 3.25%, 4.33% and 5.18%, respectively, and the n-3 PUFA content was 6.80%, 7.22% and 8.50%, respectively. The content of eicosapentaenoic acid was higher (P < 0.05) in egg yolks of the E1 group than that of E2 and E3 groups. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found among groups in the docosahexaenoic acid content. The omega-6/omega-3 PUFA ratio in the groups E1, E2 and E3 was 2.96, 2.93 and 2.49, respectively. Increased concentration of linseed oil and reduced concentration of rapeseed oil in diets resulted in less SFA (P  0.001) and more n-3 PUFA in egg yolks. It was determined that laying hens have the ability to synthesize EPA and DHA from alpha-LNA if they receive enough alpha-LNA through their diets.

alpha-linolenic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; docosahexaenoic acid; egg yolk lipid

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