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Evaluating the economic and social benefits of forest recreation and nature tourism

Today, outdoor recreation is a type of activity many people participate in, all across Europe and, among natural areas, forests are considered one of the more attractive types of nature. However, there exist clear differences between European countries regarding participation rates in various recreation and forest-based tourism activities. These differences are related to the recreation possibilities offered by forests in one’s environment in terms of accessibility, as well as the quality of the areas. Moreover, cultural differences in forest uses vary across Europe, which reflects on the relative importance of forest recreation and tourism in each country (see Chapters 1 and 7). The social values of forest recreation deal mainly with intangible benefits such as aesthetic qualities as well as the enhancement of psychological and physical health (e.g.Tyrväinen et al 2005, Ward Thompson, 2007). Forests, especially within or near urban areas, provide aesthetic enjoyment and create a pleasant environment for many outdoor activities. Different types of forest can provide nature experiences in the midst of urban life or during a holiday that can contribute to recovery from daily stress and help in regaining positive feelings. Moreover, contact with forests and other types of natural area, in particular for children, can help people learn about nature and natural processes in an otherwise artificial environment. At the local level recreation forests contribute to the quality of housing and working environments and their benefits are reflected in property values.

Forest recreation, nature tourism, voluation, planning, management

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