engleski

The potential association between smoking and dental periapical condition in a sample of Croatian adults

AIM: To study the prevalence and extension of apical periodontitis (AP) in Croatian smoker and non-smoker patients. METHODOLOGY: Study involved 70 patients, 34 smokers and 36 non-smokers. Data collection included questionnaires and radiographic examination of participants at the Faculty of Medicine in Rijeka, Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry. Patients younger than 18 years, patients having less than eight teeth, and patients who had endodontic treatment within two year period were excluded. Two examiners interpreted panoramic radiographs with an illuminated light source in a darkened room using a magnification. The periapical region of all teeth, excluding third molars, was examinated. The periapical status was evaluated by applying the periapical index system (PAI). Calibration of the two examiners was carried out using 20 OPGs, which were double-scored. Interexaminer agreement was calculated. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Cohen's Kappa test, t-test for proportions, Chi square test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) RESULTS: Apical periodontitis was found in 12 % of smokers and in 9 % of non-smokers (PAI  3). The differences between smoking and non-smoking groups were not statistically significant (P= 0.062 ; OR=1.3 ; 95 % CI=1.0- 1.6). The prevalence of AP of endodontically untreated roots in relation to smoking and non-smoking groups was statistically significant (P=0.018, OR=1.4 (95% CI=1.1-2.1). Among treated teeth associated to AP, there was no statistically significant difference in smoker and non-smoker subjects (P=0.084, OR =0.8 ; 95% CI = 0.4-1.3) CONCLUSION: The periapical index including teeth affected by periapical lesions did not significantly differ between smoking groups. Smoking was significantly associated with a greater frequency of AP only in unfilled teeth.

pušenje; periapeksi procesi; hrvati

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