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QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF GLUCOFRANGULINS AND PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN FRANGULA MILL. AND RHAMNUS L. SPECIES

For centuries fruits and barks of Frangula Mill. and Rhamnus L. species [especially of Frangula alnus Mill., F. purshiana (DC.) J. G. Cooper, Rhamnus cathartica L. and R. fallax Boiss.] have been used in folk and official medicine as purgatives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the content of major groups of chemical compounds (glucofrangulins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, total polyphenols, nontannic polyphenols and tannins) in bark of nine Frangula and Rhamnus species [F. alnus Mill., F. rupestris (Scop.) Schur, R. alaternus L., R. cathartica L., R. fallax Boiss., R. intermedia Steud. & Hochst., R. orbiculata Bornm., R. pumila Turra and R. saxatilis Jacq.] which grow in Croatia as a contribution to elucidation of relations between different taxa of these genuses. Determination of all investigated compounds was performed spectrometrically by official Eur. Ph. methods. Statistical comparisons of chemical compounds content between and inside species were made using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA). All taxa tested had a high content of total polyphenols, medium content of glucofrangulins, nontannic polyphenols and tannins, and a rather low content of phenolic acids and flavonoids. ANOVA showed the most variability between and inside species for content of glucofrangulins, less for content of flavonoids, phenolic acids and nontannic polyphenols, and the least for content of total polyphenols and tannins. PCA and UPGMA didn’t show separation of researched species in today genuses, Rhamnus and Frangula.

Frangula; Rhamnus; chemotaxonomy; glucofrangulins; phenolic cmpounds; quantitative analysis

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