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Development and Validation of a Sensitive and Fast Solid-phase Spectrophotometric Procedure for Phenol Determination in Pharmaceuticals

A very sensitive, simple, and fast solid-phase spectrophotometric procedure for the determination of phenol using the p-nitrobenzenediazonium reagent (DAR reagent) was developed. This procedure is based on the simultaneous concentration of the orange product on a Dowex 1- X2 anion exchanger within 15 min, and a direct absorbance measurement of the sorbed species at both 530 nm (the absorption maximum of the phenol- DAR in the resin phase) and 700 nm (the range where only the resin absorbs light). Quality control and evaluation of the analytical parameters was carried out using a comprehensive prevalidation strategy. The linearity of the method was confirmed within an analyte working range from 0.01 to 0.10 μmol (0.2 to 2.0 nmol mL– 1). The precision ranged from ±1.17 to ±9.61% ; the accuracy ranged from –17.50 to +17.81%. The evaluated limiting values were LD = 0.0013 μmol and LQ = 0.0082 μmol. The DAR-SPS method was successfully applied to the determination of phenol in a pharmaceutical sample of salicylic acid (98.0 – 100.0%) and vaccines (98.0 – 103.4%).

phenols; solid-phase spectrometry

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