engleski

National collection of winter and spring barley in Croatia

Activities in the field of barley breeding in Croatia have a tradition from the beginning of this century. It began with collection of initial breeding material of domestic and foreign origin ( Germany, France, Great Britain, The Netherlands, The United States of America, etc.) at the Faculty of Agronomy Zagreb (academician Aloiz Tavčar), at the Brestovac Plant Breeding Station in the east part of Croatia (Baranja), which was located only a few kilometers from Osijek and was estabilished in 1922 (Šeput et al.) and at the Osijek Agricultural Institute (prof. dr. Mato Valenčić). The important variety of two-rowed winter barley in Croatia was “Maksimirski 45” which was created at the Faculty of Agronomy Zagreb by academician Aloiz Tavčar. Afterwards, the varieties of two-rowed winter barley “Satir”, “Mursa” and “Alkar”, and the varieties of two-rowed spring barley“Velebit” and “Jaran”, were created at the Osijek Agricultural Institute ( Valenčić et al.) and recognised in 1970, 1972, 1973, 1977 and 1983, respectively. The old variety of two-rowed spring barley “Belje 607” was selected from the domestic landrace, which was growed at the beginning of this century in the east part of Croatia (Baranja) at the Brestovac Plant Breeding Station. This variety of two-rowed spring barley has had the important role in the origin of two-rowed winter barley varieties (“Mursa” and “Alkar”) and the other newer two-rowed winter barley varieties (“Pan”, “Sladoran”, “ Rodnik”, “Rex”,”David”, etc.) (Table 1) and six-rowed winter barley varieties (“Baranjac” and “Podravac”) (Table 2). Also, this old variety has had the important role in the spring barley breeding programme at the Osijek Agricultural Institute. For the European collection and barley breeding, the important role has had the Dalmatian barley population (Croatia), where was selected variety of two-rowed spring barley by German breeders. That was in 1929 in the near of Croatian town Dubrovnik at the Adriatic sea, which had the old name “Ragusium”. The name of this variety is “Ragusa”(personal comunication with dr. Max Baumer). Now, the Osijek Agricultural Institute has winter and spring barley collection, which contains 266 varieties and lines of winter barley and 451 varieties and lines of spring barley. However, only 38 varieties and lines of winter barley and 65 varieties and lines of spring barley have Croatian origin (created by the Osijek Agricultural Institute).

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