engleski

Analyses of Construction and Maintenance Costs of Forest Transportation System in Croatian State Forests between 2004 and 2011

Forests and forest lands in the Republic of Croatia can be generally divided into four relief categories: lowland area, foothill and hilly area, mountain area and karst area. Each relief category is related to construction technologies of primary (truck forest road - TFR) and secondary (skid road - SR) forest roads. Because of the specific features of the dominant influence factors in each relief area, primarily habitat factors (slope, geology and soil foundation and its related construction category materials and soil bearing capacity, the presence of various landforms, hydrography, etc.), building costs of individual forest road categories and subcategories, depending on area, differ significantly. This research covers the whole territory of Croatia and all 16 Forest Administrations (FA), where the company "Croatian Forests" Ltd. Zagreb manages the land area of 2, 018, 987 hectares of state forests and forest land (36% of Croatia). The analyzed costs of construction and maintenance of forest roads are divided into four groups: the construction of the lower-layer of truck forest roads, construction of the upper-layer of truck forest roads, truck forest road maintenance and construction of skid roads. All costs are shown for each relief category and each FA for the period 2004 - 2011. All components are grouped according to the contractors ; construction works were carried out either by the "Croatian Forests" Ltd. Zagreb, or by private contractors. Research results indicate that the total costs, associated with forest civil engineering (construction costs of lower and upper layer of forest roads at the level of the entire study area), exceeded 52.02%, maintenance of truck forest roads were 32.59% and construction costs of skid roads amounted to 15.39%. In the future, with getting closer to the existing primary classical optimal openness, the construction of truck forest roads will be reduced. Within the increasing number of truck forest roads the share of their maintenance costs will rise. Therefore, in future research, among other issues, the focus should be placed on planning, monitoring (control) and rationalization of truck forest roads maintenance costs.

relief category; truck forest roads; skid trails; construction costs; maintenance costs

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