engleski

Genetic monitoring of western corn rootworm populations on a microgeographic scale

Microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA genetic monitoring was undertaken of the western corn rootworm (WCR) Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte in Croatia and Serbia from 1996 - 2011 and the USA in 2011. The seven US populations displayed the greatest allelic diversity. In Europe, the highest number of alleles were found in Rugvica, Croatia and Surčin, Serbia, the two sites closest to international airports. The highest number of mtDNA haplotypes were recorded from Croatia in 1996. From 2009 - 2011 haplotype diversity declined and Croatia and Serbia had a single fixed haplotype. US continuous maize locations had one haplotype, while three haplotypes were found at crop rotated locations. Minimal temporal genetic differentiation was found within and between populations in Europe and the USA. Bayesian cluster analysis identified two genetic clusters that grouped WCR from Croatia and Serbia separately from US populations, however, these clusters were not neat and numerous US individuals had both European and US ancestry, suggesting bi-direction gene flow. Bottlenecks were identified within most Croatian populations sampled in 1996, only two populations in 2009 and in all populations in 2011. Bottlenecks were not identified from Serbia from 1996 - 2011, nor the USA in 2011. As suspected Serbia was identified as the geographic source of WCR in Croatia. The temporal genetic monitoring undertaken allowed a deeper understanding of the population genetics of WCR in Croatia, neighbouring Serbia and its geographic source in the USA. The data obtained can be used to inform WCR pest management strategies in Croatia and Europe.

FST; dispersal; population genetic structure; microsatellites; mitochondrial DNA

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