hrvatski

Farmaceutski pogled na propolis i proizvode

The source of chemical constituents of propolis as one of the honeybee’s product are plants surrounding the hive. In this eco-system, typical propolis collected from Croatia belongs to the poplar chemo-type known as flavonoid-aglycones rich propolis. Beside its origin, the complexity of constituents require standardization methods of particular group of biological active compounds. The allergens, biological effects of propolis and methods of preparation of solutions will be discussed. The usual method to prepare propolis solutions is to transform the crude resin into a powder, followed by extraction in hydroethanolic medium. It has been shown that 70% ethanol would extract most of the bioactive components of propolis, but not waxes. The obtained extracts would have pronounced antimicrobial and antioxidative potential, but would have sharp and unpleasant taste due to high ethanol content thus being unsuitable for paediatric application. Water as an extraction solvent was also used, but resulted in products containing less extracted compounds compared to that obtained by ethanolic medium. Aqueous propolis extract have pronounced radical scavenging potential, but poor antimicrobial action. In the most cases, propolis extracts are prepared by maceration, but recently more advanced techniques such as ultrasound or microwave assisted extractions were also applied. Ultrasound assisted extraction resulted in high extraction yield, significantly reducing the extraction time, while application of microwaves was less efficient, due to unwanted extraction of the waxes and partial oxidative degradation of the phenolic components of the propolis.

propolis; ekstrakcija; učinak

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