engleski

Role of epidemiological factors in maintaining of deer fascioloidosis in Spačva region

Deer fascioloidosis is a serious and potentially fatal disease caused by non-native trematode Fascioloides magna. Infestations of red deer with F. magna in Croatia were recognized for the first time during 2000 in the Baranja region. Subsequently, the disease spread through the eastern parts of Croatia involving all three deer species and mouflons. In order to control disease a monitoring and control programme was launched in hunting grounds managed by Croatian Forests. Within the programme, livers from all shot deer were thoroughly analysed and all detected trematodes were counted and categorized (including categorizing the nature of lesions). Furthermore, we have applied epidemiological analysis to evaluate risk factors and patterns at the population level. Each demographic variable was tested at the seasonal, individual and location level. When comparing males and females we didn’t find statistically significant differences. Model for pathological lesions suggested that likelihood of lesions was dependent on age in a non-linear fashion (p=0.003). The increase in the regional prevalence of pathological lesions by 10% resulted in the increase of fluke’s number by 1.25 times. When comparing coprology results and prevalence of pathological lesions and age, results indicated that increase in age by 1 year increases the risk of being coprology positive by a factor of 1.36 times (OR=1.3616), and similarly, the increase in regional prevalence of pathological lesions by 10%, increases the risk that animal will be coprology positive by 1.44 times. If prevalence of pathological lesions is increased by 10%, a number of migratory forms of flukes are increasing by 1.2 times. We did not find any locality related significant differences. Finally, environmental characteristics and migratory patterns were analysed using GIS and showed that Spačva region represents one epidemiological unit for red deer fascioloidosis.

red deer; Fascioloides magna; epidemiology; Spačva region

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