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Role of parking in the hotel supply chain managemet (CROSBI ID 222701)

Prilog u časopisu | pregledni rad (znanstveni) | međunarodna recenzija

Maršanić, Robert ; Mrnjavac, Edna Role of parking in the hotel supply chain managemet // LogForum, 11 (2015), 4; 387-397. doi: 10.17270/j.log.2015.4.7

Podaci o odgovornosti

Maršanić, Robert ; Mrnjavac, Edna

engleski

Role of parking in the hotel supply chain managemet

Background: Supply chain management in tourism has only recently become the topic of the scientific research. On the one hand the reasons can be identified in the complexity and dynamism of tourism, difficulties in defining its scientific dimension due to the prevalence of the research featured by its applied nature, and its character as a service activity. On the other hand the concept of supply chain and its management started gaining in importance only recently because its scope is wider than the logistics concept scope (Christopher, 2011), thus offering new opportunities for linking and harmonizing the business objectives of stakeholders, both in the private and the public sector aimed at achieving higher quality and value of products at lower costs for all participants in the chain (Song, 2012). Intangibility, inseparability, variability and the short duration of service, as well as interconnectivity of services and material products, and the inability to determine the limits between them, have additionally discouraged the scientific thinking of both logistics services and supply chain services. The hotel product as a tourist product presents a specific mix of services and products (Mrnjavac, 2010). The target market should perceive it as a homogeneous entity whose value and qualitative dimension goes beyond its competitive dimension. The focus of this study, however, has been placed on the hotel company, that, in order to create such a product, builds its own network of partners (companies, co- workers), to bring together and coordinate activities intended to result in the desired features of the hotel product. One of the elements of the hotel product is certainly also the parking service, which was assumed to play an important role in the hotel product in terms of the significant function of road transport in tourist flows (the share in the world in 2013 was 40%, the share in the Republic of Croatia in 2014 was 88%). It was also assumed that the perception of the parking service within the hotel product is affected by business orientation of the hotel and of a tourist destination itself. The assumption was that hotel companies try to find out different solution, so that the research was aimed at identifying to which extent the applied models are a product of the baseline situation, i.e. logistic-strategic approach. The only field studies which have just partly included the guests’ satisfaction regarding parking in tourist destinations in Croatia, referred to the public parking areas and to the local traffic and it can be assumed that herewith the parking options in the broadest sense have been covered (Čorak et al, 2015). This study was evaluated as a scientifically relevant because until now the position of parking services in the hotel product has not been analyzed from the perspective of the hotel efforts and abilities to provide parking places for their guests by analyzing to which extent a good and available parking space really affects the quality of the hotel product. Accordingly, neither the issue of parking service in the hotel supply chain has been analyzed. The aim of the study was to define the framework in which the supply chain management acts with reference to the parking service and stakeholders in the network. Methods: With regard to the methodology of the research its first part is of theoretical character as it defines the hotel supply chain hotel, its management, the role of parking in the hotel business and the available models, features of the hotel supply chain related to parking service, a framework for the establishment of an efficient supply chain for the parking service and network model with emphasis on stakeholders and their relationships. The second part of the paper presents the results of the field research – through the method of interviewing hotel managers who are responsible for the hotel supply chain management in a destination of city tourism and also in a destination of the combined spa, conference and events tourism. Thus obtained results were completed by a method of direct counting of parking spaces in the area of a destination, in order to collect additional pieces of information about parking options in the selected tourist destination. Through the simple numerical calculations including the number of parking spaces and the capacity of the hotel accommodation we tried to identify the interrelationship, i.e. the degree of alignment of the respective sizes. Results: It turned out that towns of Rijeka and Opatija are faced with a shortage of parking spaces, especially during the tourist season. Guests can park in garages, closed car parks (under the ramp), street car parks and public car parks. The trend of providing parking services for guests in hotel-owned garages or car parks is typical for the everyday hotel operation and the shortage of such an option, is resolved through the lease of a certain number of parking spaces in public garages and car parks. These parking spaces are away from the hotel, the guests’ dissatisfaction is a normal consequence of such a decision and it is mitigated through the commercial measures. In Rijeka, the parking fee is generally included in the price of a hotel product, while in Opatija it is additionally charged amounting usually to approximately 12 euros/day, which is also one of the reasons for guests’ dissatisfaction. Hotel management considers a provided parking space an important element of the hotel product quality. They mostly do not have concrete proposals to provide a sufficient number of parking spaces for hotel guests, they are not familiar with the plans of the local authorities in this segment, and the cooperation with the local government can vary from the not established one to a very good. Conclusion: The research confirmed the set hypothesis about the importance of parking in the quality of the hotel product. In conditions of a high occupancy of accommodation capacities just few hotels dispose with a sufficient number of parking spaces, so that the shortage of car parks is typical for all hotels included in the study. Newly built or completely renovated hotels, which are regularly of a higher category, tend to have built garages and they dispose with a remarkable number of parking facilities. Older hotels and the ones of a lower category have an unfavorable relationship of accommodation capacities and the number of parking spaces, so that they very often improvise when solutions are offered in order to provide a parking service. Hotels should persist on providing a sufficient number of parking spaces for their guests. In situations when there is no an available parking space they should opt for the construction of the underground garages, which are expensive solutions, but the investment can pay off through the increased occupancy of hotel capacities and a higher price for the better quality of product. The cooperation with local authorities is of great importance. Solutions with remote private car parks or public car parks regularly cause guests’ dissatisfaction, however its real nature and its consequences could not be shown in this research. A comprehensive picture of the role of parking in the hotel product could be obtained through the survey carried out among the hotel guests. Another problem has been pointed out in the study – coach parking, which also deserves the interest of a scientific research.

supply chain ; hotel ; parking

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Podaci o izdanju

11 (4)

2015.

387-397

objavljeno

1895-2038

1734-459X

10.17270/j.log.2015.4.7

Povezanost rada

Tehnologija prometa i transport

Poveznice