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Preliminary phylogeography and population dynamics of the European pine bark beetle Ips sexdentatus

The twelve-toothed pine bark beetle, Ips sexdentatus, is one of the most common scolytid of central and southern Europe feeding predominantly under the bark of old and stressed Austrian and Scots pine trees. As this species has never been investigated before throughout its natural range of distribution, we sampled about 400 individuals from 35 populations located in 15 European countries and analyzed about 700bp of the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase One gene. This resulted in 81 haplotypes with a maximum of 64 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP’s). Nevertheless, with an average number of 3.7 nucleotide differences among haplotypes, it became apparent that intraspecific divergence remained relatively low, quite likely due to unimpeded gene flow among populations. Even though the initial phylogenetic data revealed a pattern governed by shallow relationships, individuals from Italy, Greece and Bulgaria seemed to be genetically separated from the rest, supporting the impact of potential refugial areas in these regions. However, to clarify this preliminary outcomes, we need to analyze additional individuals from marginal populations, and employ nuclear markers to deeply investigate the phylogeography of I. sexdentatus in Europe.

Bark Beetle; Ips sexdentatus; Population dynamics; Phylogeography; Scolytinae

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