engleski

Biomonitoring of air pollution with heavy metals in Croatia by using moss samples

Moss biomonitoring technique was used in this work for studying the atmospheric pollution with heavy metals in the Republic of Croatia. First investigation for air pollution with heavy metals in Croatia by using moss biomonitoring technique was applied in 2006 in the framework of International Cooperative Programme on Effects of Air Pollution on Natural Vegetation and Crops under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE-ICP Vegetation), when moss samples were collected from 96 locations. Samples from different moss species (Hylocomium splendens, Pleurozium schreberi, Hypnum cupressiforme, Scleropodium purum и Brachythecium) were collected during the summer and autumn in 2010 from 121 locations evenly distributed over the territory of Croatia. The content of 21 elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Li, K, Mn, Mg, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, V и Zn) was analysed by atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Data processing was performed using software Statistica (StatSoft Version 6). In order to be shown the association between the elements Principal Components Factor Analysis (PCFA) was applied. Six factors were determined of which two are anthropogenic (F3 and F6), other two are mixed geogenic-anthropogenic (F1 and F5) and two are geogenic factors (F2 and F4). For all six factors and for some significant chemical elements spatial distribution maps were prepared. Comparison of the median values for some of the anthropogenic elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) with those obtained from the previous study in 2006, shows that anthropogenic pollution has changed insignificantly over the last five years. One of the main purposes of this research was to use scientific research to promote and support the transition from linear to circular economy with emphasis on the introducing, development and connecting a modern concept of circular economy with a good engineering and laboratory practice. This research was carried out within the framework of highly successful scientific, educational and professional cooperation between Croatian and Macedonian scientists.

moss biomonitoring, heavy metals, air pollution, circular economy

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