engleski

SOLVENT SELECTION FOR EFFECTIVE EXTRACTION OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS FROM HOUSE DUST SAMPLES USING MICROWAVES

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are highly persistent, hydrophobic and semi- volatile organic pollutants used as additive flame retardants in a variety of textile materials, furniture fillers, building materials, electronic and electrical equipment. When added to polymers, they do not form chemical bonds with materials and can therefore easily migrate into the surrounding air, dust, soil, and water during the use, disposal and/or recycling of treated materials. Microwave- assisted extraction (MAE) of 7 PBDEs (BDE-28, BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153, BDE-154 and BDE-183) from house dust samples was performed with 20 mL of solvent at 80 °C for 10 minutes, using a power of 600 W. Purified extracts were then analyzed by gas chromatography on a dual capillary column system with dual electron capture detectors. Investigation of MAE performance (recovery, repeatability) using different extraction solvents was performed by analyzing spiked dust samples. For that purpose, the analytes were added to dust at a mass fraction of 10 ng mL-1. The solvents tested for extraction of the target analytes from house dust were: n-hexane:dichloromethane (9:1), n-hexane:dichloromethane (1:1), n-hexane:NaOH (10 % w/v) (1:1), n-hexane:acetone (1:1), n-hexane:2-propanol (1:1), n-hexane: ultrapure water (10:1). Both, n-hexane:acetone (1:1) and n-hexane:ultrapure water (10:1) achieved an efficient extraction with good recoveries and repeatability, and also reduced the chromatographic background. Ultimately, n-hexane:acetone (1:1) was selected as the best extraction solvent because of better reproducibility results. Besides that, since there was no additional step of removing water by adding Na2SO4, the loss of analytes, consumption of chemicals and sample processing time were reduced. The overall recoveries for MAE using n-hexane:acetone (1:1) as extraction solvent ranged from 63 to 96 % with relative standard deviation between 6 and 18 %.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers ; PBDE ; Persistent organic pollutants ; House dust

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