engleski

Identification of Wheat Genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) Tolerant to Drought

Stable production demands genotypes that will realise high yields even in drought conditions. The aim of this study was to identify winter wheat genotypes (T. aestivum L.) tolerant to drought and to find out the traits that could be used as selection criteria for desired wheat germplasm development. In the field conditions, along with drought simulations in the period of grain filling, 26 winter wheat genotypes from several breeding programs were tested. The traits of interest and their adaptability to drought conditions were investigated. Average yield decrease for all genotypes involved in the research was 55.1% (7.4 - 4.8 t/ha). Difference in reaction of particular genotypes to drought was obvious ; so, the yield decrease for individual genotypes ranged from 1.5 - 3.7 t/ha. Difference in reaction to drought was noticed also for traits. The highest decrease was found for yield/spike (22.9%), spikes/m2 (19.7%) and 1000 grain weight (14.5%). The traits that reacted the most to drought (yield/spike, spikes/m2 and 1000 grain weight) it is possible to use as selection criteria in breeding for drought tolerance. Identification of genotypes tolerant to drought conditions will enable their use as source of germplasm in new cross combinations, as well as in safer production.

wheat; drought tolerance; grain yield; yield components

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