engleski

Etiology and occurrence of grapevine trunk diseases in Croatian vineyards

Grapevine is an important cultivated species in Croatia, grown on 32741 ha in two vinegrowing regions and 12 subregions. It is susceptible to attack by large number of pathogens which cause various diseases, with grapevine trunk diseases complex being the least investigated, in Croatia and worldwide. Symptoms of these diseases include decline or death of plant parts and eventually of whole vines as a result of development of different types of necroses (cankers, browning, vascular streaking, etc.) in woody parts of the plant, whereas several fungal species from genera Eutypa, Botryosphaeria, Diplodia, Phomopsis, Phaeomoniella, etc. are reported as possible causal agents. In order to determine etiology and occurrence of these diseases in Croatia, grapevine wood samples with different types of necroses from various vinegrowing areas, in all vinegrowing subregions of Croatia, were collected. The wood samples were processed in laboratory and fungi present in the wood were isolated in pure cultures. Identification of fungal species was based on morphological characters and molecular data from analysis of nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and translation elongation factor (EF1-α) regions. This research showed occurrence of grapevine trunk diseases in all surveyed and particularly older vineyards. No dependency between occurrence of these diseases and grapevine varieties was observed. Most prevalent species in all vinegrowing regions were Diplodia seriata and Phomopsis viticola, respectively. Small number of fungal isolates belonged to family Diatrypaceae (Eutypa spp.). Since the present results differ from the established view of grapevine trunk diseases, it demonstrates necessity for additional research of not only etiology, but also pathogenicity and epidemiology of fungi associated with these diseases on grapevine.

grapevine; disease; etiology; phytopathogenic fungi

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